Internal Injuries

•The injury mechanism for internal parts of the human body is much more complicated to determine.

• Injuries caused by motor vehicle accidents, blunt traumas, falls, penetrating wounds, bicycle accidents and even amusement park rides

•Internal bleeding happens slowly and can be very hard to diagnose. Its often follows an accident, but can show up days after.

•The biggest problem is, without a doubt, the load on the brain

and the cervical vertebra 

 

 

Concussion

Concussion, from the Latin concutere ("to shake violently"), is the most common type of traumatic brain injury. The term 'concussion' has been used for centuries and is still commonly used in sports medicine.

     Head injury with a transient loss of brain function, concussion can cause a variety of physical and emotional symptoms.

   Treatment involves monitoring and rest. Symptoms usually go away entirely within three weeks, though they may persist, or complications may occur.

Repeated concussions can cause cumulative brain damage such as dementia pugilistica or severe complications such as second-impact syndrome. Concussion may be caused by a blow to the head, or by acceleration forces without a direct impact.

  

Patrick curve (scale for the evaluation of loadings on the human brain)

For this reason, the severity index (SI) was developed, which was calculated by the following formula:  

Later, a new criteria was established, the United States as head injury criteria (HIC) and in Europe as head protection criteria (HPC).

                

Internal Organs

   Internal injuries from a car accident include injuries to bowels, kidneys, the spleen, liver, lungs, heart or aorta. Fractured ribs are quite common and may also puncture lungs and other internal organs. Torn spleens are also a frequent injury and may require extensive hospitalization.

–Upper limbs

  Hands, forearms, arms, shoulders, wrists and fingers are often injured in car accidents as well. Fractures are typical and treatment generally involves splints and casts.

     

 

–Lower limbs

  Hips, legs, knees, heels, ankles, and feet are also commonly damaged in car accidents.

  Fractures of the pelvis, femur, patella, tibia, and ankle may require casting or surgery. 

                  

          Ahmad Syafiq Bin Abdul Halim
            54268111180